化工新型材料

化工新型材料 ›› 2020, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (8) : 61-65. DOI: 10.19817/j.cnki.issn 1006-3536.2020.08.013

新材料与新技术

高强韧性PLA/PMMA/纳米SiO₂复合材料的制备及性能研究

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Preparation and property of PLA/PMMA/nano-SiO₂ composite with high strength and toughness

Guo Yi¹, Huang Jiao¹, Yan Lei¹, Ma Mingxue¹, Luo Rui¹, Bian Jun¹, Chen Lin¹, Ma Sude¹, Chen Daiqiang²

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Received
2019-04-23
Issue Date	Revised Date
2020-10-23	2019-04-23

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摘要

以硅烷偶联剂改性纳米SiO₂(纳米SiO₂-NH₂)为无机纳米填料,以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)为有机填料,对聚乳酸(PLA)进行协同强韧化改性,经熔融共混法制备了不同PMMA含量的PLA/PMMA二元复合材料和不同纳米SiO₂-NH₂含量的PLA/PMMA/纳米SiO₂-NH₂三元复合材料。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、示差扫描量热仪(DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和力学性能测试等手段表征了所得复合材料的微观结构和性能。FT-IR结果表明,PLA与PMMA形成的氢键作用改善了二者的相容性;PLA/PMMA二元复合材料的综合性能在PMMA含量为30%时达到最佳。基于此,固定PLA/PMMA的配比为70/30,进一步添加纳米SiO₂-NH₂制备了不同纳米SiO₂-NH₂含量的PLA/PMMA/纳米SiO₂-NH₂三元复合材料。SEM分析表明纳米SiO₂-NH₂均匀分散于复合材料中;力学性能测试表明随着纳米SiO₂-NH₂含量的增加,复合材料的拉伸强度和硬度分别达到54.09MPa和81.1HA,断裂伸长率最大可达到67.75%。当纳米SiO₂-NH₂质量分数为5%时,PLA/PMMA/纳米SiO₂-NH₂复合材料的综合力学性能最佳。结果表明同时采用改性纳米SiO₂和PMMA对PLA进行改性具有明显的协同强韧化效果。

Abstract

Using silane coupling agent modified nano-SiO₂ (nano-SiO₂-NH₂) as inorganic nano-filler and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as organic filler to synergistically toughen and modify polylactic acid (PLA),after melting PLA/PMMA binary composites with different PMMA contents and PLA/PMMA/nano-SiO₂-NH₂ ternary composites with different nano-SiO₂-NH₂ contents were prepared by the blending method.Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),differential scanning calorimeter (DSC),X-ray diffraction (XRD) and mechanical properties tests were used to characterize the microstructure and properties of the resulting composites.The results of FT-IR indicated that the hydrogen bond formed between PLA and PMMA improved the compatibility of the two.The comprehensive performance of the PLA/PMMA binary composite material was optimized when the content of PMMA was 30%.Based on this,PLA/PMMA/nano-SiO₂-NH₂ ternary composites with different nano-SiO₂-NH₂ content were prepared by fixing the ratio of PLA/PMMA (70/30) and further adding nano-SiO₂-NH₂.SEM analysis showed that nano-SiO₂-NH₂ was evenly dispersed in the composite;mechanical performance test shown that adhesion riced in SiO₂-NH₂ content increase,composite material ablation strength and hardness classification reached 54.09MPa sum 81.1HA,fracture elongation rate maximum possible reached 67.75%.When the mass fraction of nano-SiO₂-NH₂ was 5%,the comprehensive mechanical properties of PLA/PMMA/nano-SiO₂-NH₂ composites were the best.It was shown that using both modified nano-SiO₂ and PMMA to modify PLA had an obvious synergistic and toughening effect.

关键词

聚乳酸 / 甲基丙烯酸甲酯 / 纳米SiO₂ / 复合材料 / 力学性能

Key words

polylactic acid / poly(methyl methacrylate) / nano-SiO₂ / composite / mechanical property

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高强韧性PLA/PMMA/纳米SiO₂复合材料的制备及性能研究[J]. 化工新型材料, 2020, 48(8): 61-65 DOI:10.19817/j.cnki.issn 1006-3536.2020.08.013

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基金资助

国家教育部春晖计划合作项目(Z2018088和Z2017070);四川省教育厅科研项目(17ZB0422);西华大学大健康管理促进中心开放课题基金项目(DJKG2019-002);西华大学西华杯大学生创新创业训练项目(2020133和2020137);四川省青年科技创新团队项目(19CXTD0050);西华大学第二课堂Interface创新研究工作室建设项目(2019-07)

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